Movements and Activity of Trout in the Clinch River

Executive Summary, Final Report to TWRA

Jason Bettinger and Phillip W. Bettoli


1.    Radio-telemetry was used to monitor the movements of small (<450 mm total length) resident rainbow trout and recently-stocked rainbow trout in the Clinch River.  Twenty resident trout that had resided in the river at least six months were collected and implanted with 3.8 g radio tags on 24-25 June 1998.  Two groups of rainbow trout being reared at Buffalo Springs State Fish Hatchery were implanted with radio tags on 8 July 1998 (n = 19) and 16 September 1998 (n = 11).


2.    Most of the tagged and stocked rainbow trout died quickly or emigrated out of the tailrace, and few were harvested by anglers.  In contrast, the resident rainbow trout persisted significantly longer, and more of those fish were harvested over the study period.  Also, recently stocked rainbow trout were more active and occupied larger reaches of the river than resident trout.


3.    These telemetry results confirmed earlier observations that rainbow trout stocked into the Clinch River as catchables (as opposed to fingerlings) suffer high rates of natural mortality and low harvest rates.  Poor survival was probably linked to excessive activity, which is energetically costly and exposes stocked trout to greater predation risks.  Another factor that could help explain why stocked rainbow trout fared so poorly was their condition coming out of the hatchery.  Although their weights were similar to that of resident fish of similar lengths, many of the hatchery fish were missing multiple fins.


4.    Radio tags (16 g) were implanted into 15 trophy brown trout (greater than 450 mm total length) and nine trophy rainbow trout between December 1997 and May 1998.  Post-implantation survival was very low.  Only three rainbow trout survived past 50 days; at least one was harvested and none survived through the end of the study (November 1998).  At least two of the tagged brown trout were harvested by anglers, and only four brown trout survived through the end of the study.


5.    The four brown trout that survived over the entire study displayed movement and activity patterns typical of river-dwelling brown trout.  Movements were limited during the winter, spring, and fall months, but in the fall all fish displayed significant movements associated with spawning migrations.  Three of the fish moved up to and above the weir dam, where they briefly resided before returning  downriver.  The fourth fish dropped downriver about 4 km each fall.


6.    The seasonal movements of three tagged brown trout above the weir dam confirmed earlier observations that many large trout of both species move upstream each fall, ostensibly to spawn.  If conserving and enhancing stocks of trophy trout were a priority in the Clinch River, management efforts could focus on reducing the exploitation of large trout each fall in the upper reaches of the tailwater.

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