TTU Undergraduate Catalog-College of Arts and Sciences

The College of Arts & Sciences provides a liberal arts education for all TTU students, strong major programs in more than twenty areas of study, high-quality foundational courses for students in programs outside the College, and new knowledge through faculty and student research. In pursuing this mission, the College emphasizes the skills and perspectives vital to lifelong education and decision-making in a democracy. These include critical and contextual thinking, effective communication, active learning, and proficiency with technology. Across the eleven departments, many courses address one or more of the following major issues: environmental problems, the complex relations of science and society, and the coexistence of differing cultural or ethnic groups within the U.S. and around the globe.

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR A BACCALAUREATE DEGREE
IN THE COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

A student must satisfy the general university requirements for a baccalaureate degree and the following requirements of the College:

The departmental chairperson, or a faculty member designated by the chairperson, serves as the student's academic advisor.

Students majoring in the College of Art and Sciences must complete a minor consisting of 18 semester hours, including 6 Upper Division hours, in a coherent program of study. The criterion of coherence may be met (1) by taking all minor courses in a single discipline (i.e., 18 hours of courses with the same course prefix) or (2) by taking the courses prescribed in an interdisciplinary minor approved by the CAS Curriculum Committee. Approved interdisciplinary minors are:

Business: 9 semester hours chosen from ACCT 211-12 and ECON 201-202 plus any 9 additional hours, including 6 upper division hours, chosen from the College of Business Administration.

Education: Any combination of 18 semester hours, including 6 Upper Division hours, chosen from Art Education (ARED), Early Childhood Education (ECED), Educational Psychology (EDPY), Elementary Education (ELED), Foundations of Education (FOED), Music Education (MUED), Reading (READ), Secondary Education (SEED), and Special Education (SPED).

Preparation: Students wishing to minor in Environmental Studies must fulfill their general education science requirement by selecting two of the following sequences: BIOL 101/102 or BIOL 111-112; CHEM 101/102 or CHEM 111/112; GEOL 101 plus GEOL 104 or GEOL 106.

The Minor: A minor in Environmental Studies will consist of at least 18 hours of coursework, with a minimum of 6 upper-division hours, and will include: (1) HIST 290; (2) SOC 360 or AGBE 412; and (3) 12 additional semester hours chosen from the following courses, including at least one course at the 300-400 level and two areas of study from agriculture, biology, chemistry, geography, geology, and sociology (note: WFS is considered biology): AGBE 412, AGET 311, AGRN 101, AGRN 221, AGRN 323, AGRN 422, AGRN 423, BIOL 212/WFS 212 or BIOL 213/WFS 213, BIOL 413, BIOL 425, BIOL 461, BIOL 474, BIOL 484, CHEM 371, CHEM 471, ENG 454 or 457, GEOG 111, GEOG 213, GEOG 333, GEOL 222, GEOL 410, GEOL 415, GEOL 441, GEOL 465, GEOL 471, GEOL 472, SOC 310, SOC 360, WFS 450.

NOTE: Except for Biology majors, students who did not take BIOl 101-102 under "Preparation" (above) must take BIOL 212/WFS 212 or BIOL 213/WFS 213 as one of the "12 additional semester hours."

Minors approved for English-Journalism majors
(contact the Department of English for a list)

Theatre/Speech: 18 hours in theatre and speech, including at least 6 in each discipline and an additional 6 of upper-division work in one of the disciplines. THEA 200, 210 or 220, plus THEA 215, 300, 211-12, 330, 430, or 450. SPCH 241 plus 313; SPCH 361 or 363; SPCH 443 or 462.

Women and Gender Studies: A minimum of 18 credit hours of course work in approved courses including a minimum of 9 credit hours with a special focus on women in literature, American history, and the changing U.S. Approved courses are those where a significant focus on women and or gender issues is involved in the study, or in which a student may individually contract with member faculty for such emphasis. Student contracts must be approved by the instructor before the last day to add classes. For more information, see web page: http://www2.tntech.edu/wgsm/

At least 9 credit hours will be selected from the following special focus courses: ENG 474 (may be taken twice if on different topics), HIST 437, and SOC 220. Remaining credit hours, up to a total of at least 9, will be taken in special focus courses or contract courses from the following: CHEM 281/HIST 281; CHEM 282/HIST 282; ENG 453; HIST 436 (may be taken twice if on different topics), 444 ( may be taken twice if on different topics); POLS 320, 380, 461; SOC 263, 284, 421; Honors 401; and 490 in various disciplines. No student will receive credit toward both the major and the minor in a single course.

NOTE:
(1)	ENG 101 and ENG 102 may not be included in an English minor.
(2)	The requirement of 6 Upper Division hours is waived in a mathematics minor if MATH 181-2, MATH 281, and 5 hours in mathematics courses numbered above 281 are completed.
(3)	Students seeking a B.S. in economics may not choose a minor in the College of Business Administration.

The College of Arts and Sciences offers the following curricula and undergraduate degrees:

*The psychology curriculum is a joint undertaking of the College of Arts and Sciences and the College of Education. It satisfies the graduation requirements of the College of Arts and Sciences and leads to a degree from that College. It is administered by the Department of Counseling and Psychology, College of Education.

*The economics curriculum is a joint undertaking of the College of Arts and Sciences and the College of Business Administration. It satisfies the graduation requirements of the College of Arts and Sciences and leads to a degree from that College. The economics curriculum is administered by the Department of Economics, Finance and Marketing, College of Business Administration.

*The World Cultures and Business curriculum is shared by the Colleges of Business Administration and Arts and Sciences. Jointly administered by the Department of Economics, Finance, and Marketing (Business Administration) and the Department of Foreign Languages (Arts and Sciences), it leads to a joint B.S. degree, not a separate degree in either college.

All College of Arts and Sciences programs cross over departmental lines to bring in appropriate experiences from other disciplines. Some programs, however, require an unusually broad set of activities to accomplish their goals. The B.S. in World Cultures and Business uses the resources of two colleges in preparing students to solve complex problems in international commerce. The pre-professional programs draw from a wide spectrum of sciences, humanities, and social sciences as they prepare students for careers in medicine, law, and the allied health sciences. In addition to department-based minor programs, students can choose from several interdisciplinary minors: Women and Gender Studies, Environmental Studies, Education or Business.

This joint-degree program, shared by the College of Business Administration and the College of Arts and Sciences, is designed to prepare students for the arena of international relations and trade. The liberal arts curriculum, emphasizing cross-cultural understanding, critical thinking, and skills in communication and technology, is complemented by internationally-focused courses in economics, finance, management, and marketing. The program meets all university-level requirements for graduation. Its general education and core requirements do not, however, precisely match those in any college. Distinctive to the program are requirements to enroll in: (1) History 110-111, (2) two years of upper-division foreign language, (3) a constellation of upper-division "world studies" elective courses, (4) a series of internationally-focused courses in economics, finance, management, and marketing, and (5) a semester-long practicum. Contact Dr. Eston Evans (e-mail: EEVANS@tntech.edu).

The College prepares students for professional training in law, medicine, dentistry, and other health sciences. All the courses required or recommended for pre-professionals are annually revised and updated to make certain students are well-prepared and are competitive on required aptitude tests (DAT, LSAT, MCAT, OAT, PCAT, VCAT). Among the many opportunities for active learning related to pre-professional studies are: the mock-trial team, speech and debate teams, internships and work experiences, and pre-professional student groups, such as the Chem-Med Club, which provide trips to professional schools and interactions with other pre-professional students and with prominent practitioners in the various fields. Should a student later decide not to pursue entrance to a professional school, TTU offers a wide range of degree options that capitalize on the pre-professional work already accomplished.

Pre-law students have no fixed requirements, but law schools recommend they major in a discipline known for its rigor in analytical thinking and communication. Pre-law students are advised by a team of professors–in Business, English, History, Political Science, and Sociology, see page 103–led by Professor Sharon (e-mail: of the Political Science Department.

The pre-med, pre-dentistry, and pre-health students must take certain required courses while at TTU, but they can do so while pursuing almost any major. In most pre-health areas, students have the option of obtaining a B.S. from TTU after three years at TTU and one year at a professional school. Pre-veterinary students have the special option of majoring in Agriculture with a concentration in animal science. Pre-health students, including pre-med, are advised by Professors Kline (e-mail: EKLINE@tntech.edu) and Banks (TBANKS@tntech.edu) in the Chemistry Department. Pre-veterinary students are advised by Professors Sam Winfree (e-mail: SWINFREE@tntech.edu) and Bruce Greene (e-mail: BGREENE@tntech.edu) in the School of Agriculture and Human Ecology.

Completion of one of these three-year programs meets the requirements for admission to professional school but does not guarantee entrance. Admission into any professional school is competitive.

Students who wish to transfer to pharmacy school at the close of the sophomore year should complete the Pre-Pharmacy curriculum.

The Bachelor of Science degree in Pharmacy may be obtained at an accredited college of pharmacy in three additional years after completing this two-year curriculum in pre-pharmacy.

The Doctor of Pharmacy degree may be obtained at an accredited college of pharmacy in four additional years after completing this two-year curriculum in pre-pharmacy.

In addition to the pre-professional curricula offered in medicine, dentistry and pharmacy, Tennessee Technological University also offers pre-professional programs in auxiliary or paramedical specialties of the health professions, including medical technology, optometry, dental hygiene, physical therapy, health information management, and others.

Students who wish to transfer to an allied health professional program without a degree from Tennessee Technological University should follow one of the programs listed under the pre-professional programs. These programs meet the requirements of most professional schools. Students desiring a Bachelor of Science degree from a professional school should plan to meet the requirements of that professional school.

Graduate curricula lead to the Master of Science degree in biology, chemistry, and mathematics, the Master of Arts degree in English, and the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Environmental Sciences. For details, consult the TTU Graduate School office.

Students may major in the College of Arts and Sciences and work towards teacher licensure, although in some cases they may be required to earn more than 132 hours.

For more information consult the College of Arts and Sciences web page: http://www.tntech.edu/acad/cas

DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY

Professor Combs, Interim Chairperson; Professors Ballal, Berk, Bulow, Harris,
Harvey, Layzer, Martin, Morgan, Redding, Roberts; Associate Professors Andrews, Bettoli, Cook, Goss, Jordan; Assistant Professors Coe, Willard

Courses in biology are for students who plan to pursue a major in the field of biology or wildlife and fisheries science; for students who plan to enter medical school, dental school, nursing school, or schools of medical technology; and for students in other fields of study who desire to develop a scientific attitude and to acquaint themselves with the phenomena of living organisms.

Students who plan to continue the study of biology on the graduate level or to prepare for industrial or governmental positions in the field should complete the Biology Curriculum. Curricula preparatory to the study of Medicine, Dentistry, and Medical Technology are given on preceding pages.

Tennessee Technological University is affiliated with the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory at Ocean Springs, Mississippi. This affiliation permits students to enroll in marine biology courses that would otherwise be unavailable this far inland.

The Biology Department is unique in Tennessee for its Cooperative Fishery Research Unit supported jointly by the U.S. Geological Survey, the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency, and Tennessee Technological University. A primary function of the unit is to strengthen the graduate fisheries program; however, undergraduates interested in fisheries biology often find opportunities for valuable experience through association with Unit activities.

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

Professor Northrup, Chairperson; Professors Barker (Provost and Vice President for Academic Affairs), Ensor, Furtsch, Glinski, Jackson, Kline, Kutzler, Torrey (Assistant Vice President for Research), Volpe (President), Wells; Associate Professors Banks, Boles, Crouse, Harwood, Lisic; Assistant Professors Barber, Swartling; Instructor Rust

Within the major in Chemistry, the Department of Chemistry offers three concentrations leading to a Bachelor of Science Degree:
1.	The A.C.S. concentration is intended to prepare students for graduate school or to pursue chemistry as a profession in industry. Within this concentration, the student may choose from options of Chemistry or Environmental Chemistry. Both curricula are approved by the American Chemical Society.
2.	The Applied Chemistry concentration is intended to serve pre-professional students and those who do not intend to pursue graduate study in chemistry.
3.	The Biochemistry concentration is intended to serve pre-professional students and those who wish to pursue graduate work at the chemistry-biology interface.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

Associate Professor Linos, Chairperson; Professors Hadlock,
Ramsey; Associate Professors Hume, Kosa; Assistant Professor Ramaswamy

The computer science curriculum is designed to educate students in the basic areas of computer science, including computer architecture, programming languages and operating systems, general approaches to problem solving and programming, as well as theoretical concepts dealing with models of computation and the design and analysis of algorithms. Through the selection of one of the two options and by the choice of elective course work, the student may prepare for a career in software development for scientific/ engineering applications (Option I) or management decision support applications (Option II) or graduate work in computer science (either option). Graduates of the program are regularly recruited by industry, government and business for computing careers in a variety of areas including systems design, and software engineering.

DEPARTMENT OF EARTH SCIENCES

Professor Knox, Chairperson; Professors Finch, Leimer,
Mills, Stapor; Assistant Professor Li

The aims of the Department of Earth Sciences are:
1.	To aid students in understanding the nature of the earth.
2.	To assist students in obtaining a more sophisticated understanding of the relationships between their physical environment and past and present economic, social, and political conditions.
3.	To provide students who major or minor in the department with an appropriate degree of competence in their area of specialization.

The economics curriculum is a joint undertaking of the College of Arts and Sciences and the College of Business Administration. It satisfies the graduation requirements of the College of Arts and Sciences and leads to a degree from that College. It is administered by the Department of Economics, Finance, and Marketing, College of Business Administration.

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH

Professor Bode, Chairperson; Professors Armistead (Dean), Boocker, Burduck,
C. Hood, K. Hood, Hutchison, Kemp, Laird, McRae, Slotkin, Stedman, Stewart, Viera, Wilhelm; Associate Professors Christianson, Clougherty, Eisen, Kash,
McQuail, Weidner; Assistant Professors Creter, Maxson, Null, O'Rourke, Saya, Walker; Instructors Golz, Jared, Mercer, Sledge, Witcher

The English language and literature curriculum is designed to improve students' skills in writing, critical reading, and thinking; to enrich their cultural experience; and to prepare them for all professions requiring a high level of expression, imagination, and intellectual activity, including creative writing, editing, teaching, law, politics, and management.

The English-Journalism curriculum is designed to prepare students for a variety of employment opportunities in the communications professions, primarily in the print media and public relations. The program stresses practical experience. The student newspaper, yearbook, and radio station, and the regional educational television station are utilized extensively in connection with class work, and students are encouraged to participate in the internship or co-op program.

The Professional Communication degree program prepares students to communicate scientific and technical information via newspaper, magazines, and journals as well as other media efficiently and effectively. Students in the program write and edit technical material and become familiar with a broad range of publication design and printing areas.

Though the Department of English does not offer a major in Speech or Theatre, the Speech Communication-Theatre curriculum offers a wide range of both lower division and upper division courses in Speech and Theatre. Minors are available in both disciplines as well as a combined minor in Speech Communication-Theatre. The program prepares students for a teaching licensure in Speech Communication-Theatre as well as for graduate study in Speech Communication or Theatre, for careers in the theatre, and a wide range of careers which require effective verbal, nonverbal, interpersonal, and public communication. The Backdoor Playhouse, the Speech team, and the Debate team offer students opportunities for public performance of their skills.

DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES

Professor Campana, Chairperson; Professors Evans, Viera; Associate
Professor Kintz; Assistant Professors Hays, Heina, Laurila, Shettlesworth

An offering in Foreign Languages was established for the purpose of giving training in the language, literature, history, and customs of the people whose language is studied, as well as for the purpose of providing insights into the various means of organizing thought and reality in the foreign culture by native speakers of the languages.

The specific aims of these courses are: (1) to develop the ability to understand, speak, read, and write the language with some degree of rapidity and accuracy, (2) to gain an acquaintance with the best writers, (3) to enable students to understand better the history and development of their own language, and (4) to offer courses suitable for the other curricula requiring Foreign Languages for graduation.

The Department offers a major in Foreign Languages with a concentration in French, German, or Spanish. Although a minor in a second foreign language is not required, it is strongly recommended, especially for students who plan careers in teaching, government service, or other language-related areas. The B.S. major in World Cultures and Business combines economics, finance, management and marketing with language study.

DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY

Professor Brinker, Chairperson; Professors Dickinson, Fernandez,
Kharif, Reagan, Schrader, Webb, Whiteaker; Associate Professors
Field, Lindenmeyer, Roberts; Assistant Professor Osburn

The broad liberal arts curriculum of the History Department offers the student a traditional education and preparation for at least twenty-six different professions. The content courses in history, for example, teach the student to think analytically and to write, which are highly adaptable skills, and the Department assists the student by providing career guidance in a professional orientation course. One history professor advises pre-law students. The History Department provides excellent preparation for traditional graduate study, exemplified by some TTU history majors who have earned advanced degrees at the best graduate schools in the country.

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS

Professor Ablamowicz, Chairperson; Professors Briggs (Associate Dean), Khleif,
Liu, Patil, Savage, Selden; Associate Professors Breen, Garimella,
Gutek, Mason, Norden, O'Connor, Uddin; Assistant Professors Allen,
Eller, McHenry, Mills, Shibakov; Instructors Crawford, Gandhi, Thurman

The Department of Mathematics offers a well-balanced four-year curriculum leading to the Bachelor of Science degree in Mathematics. Mathematics majors may also earn the Secondary Certification in Mathematics through the College of Education. The Department offers the Master of Science degree with emphasis in applied mathematics, applied statistics or traditional mathematics.

The Department provides courses at the graduate and undergraduate level to meet the needs of students in liberal arts, computer science, engineering, science, agriculture, human ecology, business and education.

Freshmen planning to major in mathematics at Tennessee Tech should have completed, in high school, 3 units of science and at least 3 1/2 units of college preparatory mathematics, including a study of trigonometric identities. Students with less than the recommended mathematics preparation are encouraged to enroll at the University for the summer following high school graduation for the purpose of removing the deficiency.

A mathematics major is required to complete all prerequisite mathematics courses with a grade of "C" or better before enrolling in a subsequent course.

A mathematics major may participate in the Cooperative Education Program. See Independent Programs.

A student and his/her advisor should evaluate his/her high school mathematics experience and choose those courses that will expand the student's mathematical knowledge and avoid unnecessary repetition of high school mathematics.

It is strongly recommended that a mathematics major who is considering graduate school complete MATH 351-2 and an upper division sequence in mathematics beyond the requirements for the degree.

Normally, credit will not be given for a lower level course taken after having made a grade of "C" or better in a course requiring greater mathematical ability. (Ex: A student who has completed MATH 181 with a grade of "C" or better may not subsequently receive credit for MATH 131-2, 141, or 151.) In addition, credit will not be given for two courses having similar content. (Ex: Credit will not be given for both MATH 171 and MATH 145 or MATH 155.)

For entering freshmen, the prerequisites for MATH 181 are a mathematics ACT score of at least 27 (or an equivalent SAT score) and four years of high school mathematics including algebra, plane and solid geometry, trigonometry, and a course containing advanced or pre-calculus mathematics. Students enrolling in Honors Calculus (MATH 181H) must have a minimum mathematics ACT score of 30 or permission of the Department of Mathematics.

No mathematics course below the content of MATH 181 may be used to satisfy any requirement for a degree in mathematics.

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS

Professor Shriner, Chairperson; Professors Ayik,
Hindi, Kozub, Semmes, Wells; Associate Professors Murdock, Robinson

The Physics Curriculum is designed to accommodate students with a variety of goals: those who wish to prepare for graduate study leading to advanced degrees in physics, those who plan to do graduate work in another field of science or engineering, and those who intend to seek employment immediately after receiving the baccalaureate degree. The basic science background and analytical thinking skills acquired by taking physics courses, combined with the broad knowledge base which characterizes all Arts and Sciences degree programs, has proved to be excellent preparation for a wide variety of careers. This includes endeavors previously viewed as "non-scientific," as virtually all walks of life have been engulfed by the current technological revolution.

Students preparing for graduate study in physics will normally follow the Option I program. The others will follow an approved Option II program which contains, in addition to a solid core of physics courses, a concentration of electives in another area of science and/or engineering, such as electrical engineering, molecular biology, or computer science. Both programs lead to the Bachelor of Science degree in physics. Students in both options are eligible for summer employment in one of the research groups in the Department, for physics scholarships, and for participation in the Cooperative Education Program.

DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

Professor Williams, Interim Chairperson; Professor Gunter;
Associate Professor Whitney

The Department of Political Science offers a Bachelor of Science Degree in Political Science. The Department offers courses in each of the six main areas of specialization within the discipline: International Relations, Comparative Politics, Political Theory, American Government, State and Local Government, and Public Administration. A student who majors in Political Science at Tech is provided a broad liberal arts education with adequate specialization in the major and ample opportunity to take elective courses in related areas. Graduates are well-prepared for a number of options: graduate studies, law school, employment in government or private business.

The psychology program is a joint undertaking of the College of Arts and Sciences and the College of Education. It satisfies the graduation requirements of the College of Arts and Sciences and leads to a degree from that College. It is administered by the Department of Counseling and Psychology, College of Education.

DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY

Professor Darden, Chairperson; Professors Mannle,
Mookherjee, Neapolitan, Riemer; Associate Professors
Haynes, Henry, Stanger

The Department of Sociology and Philosophy offers a Bachelor of Science degree in Sociology; a concentration in Criminal Justice within the B.S. Sociology degree; a concentration in Social Work within the B.S. Sociology degree; undergraduate minors in Criminal Justice, Philosophy, Anthropology, and Sociology; and a graduate minor in Sociology.

The Sociology curriculum has three main purposes: (1) to aid students in understanding the roles of social forces and ideas in shaping modern society; (2) to provide a well-rounded education preparing the student for a wide range of occupations, particularly those which work directly with people or with categories or groups of people; and (3) to provide a sound academic background for graduate study in sociology or for such professions as law or the ministry.

The Criminal Justice Program offers a baccalaureate (B.S.) concentration, and a minor (18 hours) in criminal justice. The B.S. concentration involves a major in Sociology with a large proportion of course work in criminal justice.

If a student must exit the University after completing the first two years of the B.S. Sociology-Criminal Justice program, a certificate of program completion can be awarded if certain course requirements are met. This may be of assistance as preparation for careers not requiring a B.S. degree, such as paralegal studies and some positions in law enforcement. Those who complete the B.S. degree will have a sound foundation that prepares them to compete for positions in law enforcement, corrections and social service agencies, or for admission to law school.

The Department of Sociology and Philosophy offers a social work concentration for those students interested in a career in social work.

Social work is a "helping profession" that assists people who face difficult problems. Some social workers do their work in family service agencies dealing with marriage, health and child welfare problems. Others work in a medical setting providing assistance to patients and their relatives during a health crisis or a death. Still others work in the area of corrections assisting juvenile and adult law violators in rehabilitation. Social workers can also be found in public welfare agencies assisting the poor and disabled and in industry assisting employees with chemical abuse problems.

Philosophy courses are designed to help students acquire appreciation for the values and modes of reflection appropriate for the philosophical mind. They seek to stimulate interest in the ultimate human questions and to help students understand the proposed answers to those questions given by thinkers across the centuries. A baccalaureate minor is available and is especially appropriate for those interested in the humanities, the social sciences, and the professions. Courses numbered 201, 210 and 225 are usually offered every year. All other courses are usually offered over a two-year cycle, staff resources permitting.

1.	Major field. Must complete the curriculum for the major field as outlined elsewhere in this catalog, including a minimum of 12 semester hours in Upper Division courses in the major.
2.	Minor. See section following this list of requirements for a detailed description.
3.	Social Science. Six hours in a single discipline chosen from the following: ECON 201-2; GEOG 111-2 or GEOG 231-2; POLS 221 and 3 additional hours of political science; PSY 201 and 3 additional hours of psychology; SOC 101 or 110 and 3 additional hours of sociology; 6 hours of philosophy; or HIST 281-2 or 6 hours of upper division history courses. Students majoring in economics, history, political science, psychology, or sociology must complete this requirement in a discipline other than their major.
4a.	Foreign Language for the Bachelor of Arts degree: Note: Credit will not be given for the 104 course in any language if the student has already received credit for the 101-2 sequence in that language.
	(1)	16 semester hours in one language, including 101-2 or 104-5 (8 hours), 201-2 (6 hours) and 2 semester hours in Upper Division foreign language courses (excluding FLFR, FLGE, FLRS, or FLSP 351; FLGE 352; FLSP 355; FLGE 451; or
	(2)	8 semester hours in one language, beginning with 201-2 (6 hours) and including 2 semester hours in Upper Division language courses (with the same exclusions as in (1) above), or
	(3)	6 semester hours of Upper Division courses in one language (with the same exclusions as in (1) above, or
	(4)	Satisfactory completion of an examination administered by the Department of Foreign Languages demonstrating proficiency equaling or excelling standards indicated in (1), (2) or (3) above.
4b.	Foreign Language for the Bachelor of Science degree: Note: Credit will not be given for the 104 course in any language if the student has already received credit for the 101-2 sequence in that language.
	(1)	10 semester hours, including 101-2 or 104-5 in one language (8 hours) and either the 201 course in the same language or 2 hours chosen from FLFR, FLGE, FLJN, FLRS, or FLSP 351; FLGE 352; FLSP 355; FLGE 451; or
	(2)	Successful completion of an examination administered by the Department of Foreign Languages demonstrating proficiency through the 202 level, or
	(3)	Those students working toward a Bachelor of Science degree with a major in a physical or biological science, mathematics, or computer science may, with the consent of the major department, take FLFR 104-5, FLGE 104-5, or FLSP 104-5 to fulfill the language requirement or satisfactorily complete an examination administered by the Department of Foreign Languages demonstrating proficiency through the 105 level.
5a.	Science for the Bachelor of Arts Degree: two sequences chosen from among BIOL 101-2; CHEM 101-2 or 111-2; CHEM 281-2; GEOL 101 and 104 or 106; and PHYS 121-2 or 161-2.
5b.	Science for the Bachelor of Science degree:
	(1)	Majors in computer science, mathematics, and all natural sciences except physics will complete two science sequences exclusive of the major field chosen from among BIOL 101-2 or 111-2; CHEM 101-2 or 111-2; GEOL 101 and 104 or 106; PHYS 121-2 or 221-2 and 231-2 (labs for 221-2). Majors in physics will take CHEM 111-2. See the various departmental curricula for more specific requirements.
	(2)	Majors in social sciences will complete two sequences chosen from among BIOL 101-2; CHEM 101-2 or 111-2; CHEM 281-2; GEOL 101 and 104 or 106; and PHYS 121-2 or 161-2.
6.	Fine Arts for the Bachelor of Arts degree: Two of the following: ART 200 or 211, MUS 201, THEA 200.
7.	Mathematics: (1) 6 semester hours; or (2) 3 hours of mathematics and 3 hours of computer science; or (3) hours of mathematics and PHIL 210. (Note: PHIL 210 may not be counted toward satisfying both the social science requirement and the mathematics requirement.)
8.	Electives should be chosen from subjects leading toward the ultimate objectives of the student. Subject to the approval of the student's academic advisor, electives may be chosen from any college or school of the university.

Department	Curriculum	Concentration	Degree
Biology	Biology	Biology	B.S.
		Biochemistry	B.S.
		Environmental Biology	B.S.
	Wildlife and Fisheries Science	Wildlife Science	B.S.
		Fisheries Science	B.S.
		Conservation Biology	B.S.
Chemistry	Chemistry	A.C.S.	B.S.
		ACS-Environmental Chemistry	B.S.
		Applied Chemistry	B.S.
		Biochemistry	B.S.
Computer Science	Computer Science	Software & Scientific	B.S.
		Information Systems	B.S.
Counseling and Psychology	Psychology*		B.S.
Earth Sciences	Geology		B.S.
Economics, Finance, Marketing*	Economics		B.S.
English	English		B.A.
	English-Journalism		B.S.
	Professional Communication		B.S.
Foreign Languages	Foreign Languages	French	B.A.
		German	B.A.
		Spanish	B.A.
History	History		B.A., B.S.
Mathematics	Mathematics		B.S.
Physics	Physics	Traditional Physics	B.S.
		Applied Physics	B.S.
Political Science	Political Science		B.S.
Sociology and Philosophy	Sociology	Sociology	B.S.
		Criminal Justice	B.S.
		Social Work	B.S.
*	World Cultures & Business		B.S.
Pre-Professional Non-Degree	Pre-Dental Hygiene
	Pre-Dentistry
	Pre-Health Information Management
	Pre-Medical Technology
	Pre-Medicine
	Pre-Occupational Therapy
	Pre-Optometry
	Pre-Pharmacy
	Pre-Physical Therapy